This paper investigates Signalling Nouns (SNs) on the incest taboo. It analyses how SNs shape the media discourse of incest in the British press between 2017 and 2022. SNs are abstract nouns that encapsulate the content of the preceding or following clauses. They have been extensively studied in academic writing, but their signalling role in media discourse remains underexplored. In a corpus built on taboo language, this paper investigates how signalling nouns substitute, rename, or define a topic that is highly taboo: incest. Furthermore, the paper raises the question of the inherent abstractness of SNs and the writer’s intent when SNs are used in the context of a taboo topic.

Italian poetry in Taiwan is under-represented. Translated poets are either prestigious names like Leopardi (1798–1837), or Nobel winners like Montale (1896–1981). But how are they translated? Inspired by Chinese thought specialists like Anne Cheng and François Jullien, this article analyses a selection of case studies, suggesting that even when translating poetry, some languacultural “divergences” importantly emerge. These divergences represent both translation challenges, and opportunities to expand the original text’s scope.

This article focuses on quantitative analysis of the diffusion of English-origin verbs in Polish. Based on methodology proposed by Poplack, Snakoff and Miller (1988) in their seminal work, the research presented in this paper uses frequency of occurrence obtained from Google search results to investigate the diffusion of verb of English origin in Polish between 2010 and 2022. It is shown that with proper treatment the data obtained from the Internet allow for additional insights into the process of loan items diffusion and provide basis for more fine graded classification, as well as decomposition of the diffusion process itself. The results of the analysis allow to postulate an alternative classification of loan items and capture the internal dynamics of their diffusion highlighting the significance of the initial stages of this process.

The paper is a contrastive discussion on perfective prefixed verbs in Polish in relation to Zinova and Filip’s (2014) account of their equivalents in Russian. It indicates that even though both are Slavic languages, the perfective is categorized differently in Polish, which bears different semantic and pragmatic outcomes. This distinction is linked to the typological differences in the categorization of perfectivity as specified by Dickey (2000). The non-uniform derivation of perfective prefixed verbs in Polish is taken to be the source of different interpretations of action and result in such verbs. It is proposed that result semantics associated with telicity is lexicalized and asserted, but it is supplied by pragmatic implicature in the case of purely perfective verbs. The two scenarios are correlated with verb classes in a systematic way in line with Łaziński (2020).

The following paper focuses on Robin Sharma’s “The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari” and discusses the difficulty as well as beauty of an inner transformation. On the example of Julian Mantle, a very successful litigation lawyer, the author of this paper describes a variety of different matters regarding one’s life turning point as well as the further personal unfoldment. The paper emphasizes the difference between the so called modern society and living among monks in India. After concentrating on various challenges, fears or anxieties in terms of Julian Mantle, the author of this article presents the beauty of his inner transformation – the process of changing oneself at a personal, spiritual and emotional level.

The main interest in the legend Die arme Marie is the reference level on wich the figure of Marie as an actress, as “a woman from the theatre”, gets some contour and thus the legendary poem can be understood as Carl Hauptmann`s contribution to the current discussion about female stage art and the stage artist.

Maria Stona (1859–1944) is still a little-known author who has, according to existing research, more merit as an organizer of the cultural salon at her chateau in Třebovice. In this place on the periphery of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, she brought together writers, visual artists, philosophers and representatives of the political and social life of the Moravian-Silesian region with guests from the European cultural capitals of Vienna, Berlin, Helsinki and Copenhagen. Maria Stona began publishing short stories and poems in the late 1880s, and her correspondence dates the visits to her salon from her home region and abroad to the early twentieth century. Her literary and organizational activities began to intermingle over time, and it can be said that they positively influenced and complemented each other. The intention of this text is to bring this interaction to light, while attempting to provide insight into Maria Stony‘s early work.

This essay describes the religious life of Maria Theresa and her daughters and aims to bring the female side of the House of Habsburg into the well-deserved public spotlight. It examines religious life at court as well as life as adult women who were sent to a distant country on account of their marriage or, if they did not marry, were placed in a Catholic convent. The essay begins by describing the influence of religion on the archduchesses‘ childhoods, and asks the following questions based on Maria Theresa‘s own Catholic upbringing: How did Maria Theresa and Franz Stephan raise their daughters to be Catholic representatives of the House of Habsburg, what did their daily religious routine look like, and which religious festivities and pilgrimages did they take part in? In order to visualize the public character of Maria Theresian Catholicism, examples of religious ceremonies of homage are also presented. This is followed by a description of Maria Theresa‘s religious instructions to her daughters Marie Christine and Maria Karolina, who stayed at the courts of Pressburg (Bratislava) and Naples after their respective marriages. Did the mother‘s influence in terms of religion continue to be as stringent in adulthood as in childhood? Finally, Maria Anna‘s life as a convent lady in Klagenfurt and Maria Elisabeth‘s life as a convent lady in Innsbruck are described. Was this religious accommodation of the daughters based on their Catholic roots, or was it more about monetary provision against a religious background? This section describes the realities of the lives of these two archduchesses, their religious and charitable activities in the places they resided in, the political dimension as representatives of their mother and brothers, Joseph II and Leopold II, and their self-fulfilment in the form of courtly festivities far removed from the strict Viennese court. Looking ahead, it is pointed out that the author will focus on the religious and social realities of Maria Theresa‘s and her daughters‘ lives beyond the scope of this essay in the coming years.

The first half of the 20th century, constitutes an interesting and eventful period in the history of Upper Silesia, where places of remembrance, institutions and locations are directly linked to historical events and personalities. Examples include the arrival of the Inter-Allied Administrative and Plebiscite Commission in Upper Silesia (with its chairman, General Henri Louis Édouard Le Rond, together with his deputies, the representative of England – Colonel Sir Harold Franz Passawer Percival, and the representative of Italy – General Alberto De Marinis Stendardo di Ricigliano), Silesian uprisings and the plebiscite, Wojciech Korfanty, the battle for Saint Anne’s Mountain and finally the attack on the radio station and radio tower in Gleiwitz.

Richard Kühnau is the author of large collections of Silesian legends, published in the first half of the 20th century. In his collection entitled Oberschlesische Sagen geschichtlicher Art, Kühnau included legends concerning the Jasna Góra Monastery, despite the fact that the city of Częstochowa was never part of Silesia or in the sphere of influence of German culture. The legends recorded by Richard Kühnau refer to the foundation of the monastery and the history of the Black Madonna painting. The article aims at comparing Kühnau`s accounts with the historical narrative, and at presenting the Jasna Góra Monastery not only from the perspective of a religious centre but also from the perspective of a Polish patriotic place of remembrance.

The article treats about the cultural and political essays of Rudolf Krämer-Badoni (1913–1989). Hardly remembered today, Rudolf Krämer-Badoni was a very well-known writer, publicist, art critic, translator, conservative supporter, long-time author for Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung and Die Welt, and media personality in West Germany. His book-length essays and dissertations discuss political, cultural and aesthetic topics. The article deals with cultural and political texts of Krämer-Badoni. In chronological order his works include: „Das kleine Buch vom Wein“ [The Little Book of Wine] (1960), „Über Grund und Wesen der Kunst“ [The Ground and Essence of Art] (1960), „Vorsicht, gute Menschen von links“ [Beware, Good People from the Left] (1962), „Anarchismus: Geschichte und Gegenwart einer Utopie“ [Anarchism: History and Present of a Utopia] (1970). The major topics are the critical presentation of the propaganda slogans of the so-called „beautiful left“ in the 1960s, the presentation of the history and the significance of anarchism for contemporary politics, as well as reflections on the foundations of Western art and culture.

This article deals with the anthology of German travel prose „Augenblicke unterwegs. Deutsche Reiseprosa unserer Zeit“, which was compiled and edited by H. Piontek. An attempt is made to discuss some of the texts in the anthology and thus to determine H. Piontek‘s preferences in his selection. The texts are fragments of travelogues by various authors. They oscillate between fact and fiction, are far from journalism and bear witness to the way in which places are not only recorded in texts, but also felt and experienced. In their travel prose, which belongs to literature, the writers considered by Piontek draw on the literary tradition, which is also important for Piontek, but at the same time they are in favor of the slowly progressing new in literature. The increasing pace reduces the perception of the world to subjective moments, which are captured again in the article. The article presents fragments of travel prose selected by Piontek. Through this prism, one also indirectly gets to know Piontek and his relationship to individual representatives of literature. In addition, the conclusions drawn are underpinned by Piontek‘s essays on literature. In individual texts one can see connections with the works written by Piontek. In the article, certain similarities with Piontek‘s work are suggested and connections with the aesthetics of urban literature are addressed.

The tradition of feuilletons, the most favoured genre of the 20’s, is maintained in the exile’s circle. This journalistic short form belongs to the most important and expressive forms of presentation within the exile’s journalism. In his feuilletons Joseph Roth takes a stand on his occupational field, on political events, on his origin and religion. The central point of the essay is to analyze the feuilletons of Roth from the perspective of the religious dimension.

The present publication examines the village chronicle of the community of Bischofswalde, written by Josef Rinke. Seen as a historical source, the village chronicle may not always be reliable due to political, cultural, and personal influences, as well as the chronicler‘s lack of information or incomplete information. The goal of examining the village chronicle is not to prove a specific thesis or hypothesis, but rather to obtain the most accurate picture of the past and carefully review and evaluate the information from the village chronicle.

Michael Zeller‘s novel Follens Erbe completed during his stay in Worpswede and published in 1986, falls into the category of campus novels. Wolfgang Weiss, the author of a widely cited and standard study on the university novel, highlights the difficulties in defining this subgenre due to the lack of archetypal patterns and the diversity of potential protagonists. The novel draws parallels not only to the political situation in West Germany during the 1970s but also to historical events from the first half of the 19th century, creating a multidimensional portrayal of the intersection between academic life and politics. Karl Follen, a radical democrat, left Europe in the 1820s after his career as a teacher at the University of Basel was no longer viable. In the United States, Follen became an advocate for the abolitionist movement and fought against racial discrimination, ultimately leading to the non-renewal of his position at Harvard University. Zeller‘s novel is a bitter satire of the narcissistic academic environment in Germany and critiques the Hochschulrahmengesetz first passed in 1976, which aimed to standardize West Germany‘s university system. The law granted the federal government new regulatory powers over higher education, addressing rising costs and concerns about the fragmentation of the university system due to regional regulations. Influences such as the 1968 student movement and the threat of fragmentation due to differing state policies prompted these reforms. Titled Eine deutsche Geschichte the novel examines the relationship between universities and the West German state, focusing on the political tensions exacerbated by RAF terrorism and student protests linked to the introduction of the Hochschulrahmengesetz. The main character, Hellmut Buchwald, is an assistant at a fictional university in the invented town of Winkeln.

According to the current core curriculum for kindergartens, kindergarten departments in primary schools and other forms of pre-school education, elements of obligatory foreign language teaching also apply to pre-school children. This raises the question of effective methods of teaching a foreign language at this stage of education. One of the methods, whose effectiveness in teaching a foreign language at kindergarten level has been proven in Polish empirical studies, is narrative method. The present paper discusses, among other things, the main theoretical premises of this method, its three-stage methodology, as well as the outline and the results of an empirical study on the effectiveness of the use of this method in teaching German in kindergarten.

This article deals with the question of how GFL students are introduced to the culture of the teaching profession in the context of teaching practices. The first part briefly outlines the aims of the internships as important learning opportunities. In the second part, the monograph Hospitations- und Leitungspraktikum. Handbuch für DaF-Studierende (2023) by R. Czaplikowska and A. D. Kubacki, all relevant facets of internships are presented, such as their organisation, the planning and implementation of GFL lessons and all factors influencing teaching. In the third part, the role of classroom discussions, practice teachers, learners and, finally, students in the teaching practice is discussed in more detail. The fourth part provides suggestions for modernising the internship format. The importance of the professionalisation of practice teachers is pointed out and video-supported and alternative teaching practice formats are described.

The term translation series has been used since the 1960s in Polish linguistics and is an overarching term to describe a collection of translations of a source text into the same language. Depending on the type of series, it may be occasional or systemic. According to the concept of translatorics, translation is understood as communication. On the basis of Franciszek Grucza’s translation system model, two communication models of translation series have been drafted depending on its type. The translation system model of a translation series with an occasional character is not fundamentally different from the translation system model of a single translation. Its opposite is the translation system model of a translation series with a systemic character, in which previous translators and their translations take an active part in the act of communication, thereby also extending the communication between addressee and recipient. The diversity of the translations makes it possible for the reader to explore different possibilities for interpreting the original text, or to observe, if the translations were produced over a considerably long period of time, linguistic changes, translation trends or even approaches to taboo subjects. Also relevant to the study of a translation series is translation criticism, which is concerned with evaluating the translation in order to improve its quality in the future. There are different ways to investigate a translation series from the perspective of translation criticism, and the methodology depends on the researcher. Some of the research methods that can be used to examine a translation series are the catena method and the method of comparison. The catena method focuses on the original text and consists of collecting reviews of the original text in order to identify the most important features of that text, which should then be found in the translations. The comparative method involves comparing the target texts of different translators with the original and ascertaining translation strategies and showing the differences between translations and translation solutions.

This article presents the history of Bible translations throughout centuries. At the beginning, the author explains the terms in the field of Bible knowledge, so that even people who have never had contact with the Bible can read the article taking away a lot of information from it. The author goes on to present the history of Bible translations from antiquity to modern times. The author also focuses on how the translators‘ approach to such a specific text as the Bible has changed over the centuries. From the article, one can also read tips on what a translator‘s approach to Bible translation should look like. Conclusions are drawn at the end.

The paper attempts to describe the word formations in the Polish language and their German equivalents according to the model of Blosen et al. (1987). The confrontation includes the predicate-argument structure of Polish derivatives and their German equivalents from the area of derivatives and conversions. The semantic role, the syntactic actant, the morpheme structure and the paraphrase corresponding to a given word formation were used as elements of the description model. The study covers both simple derivatives and incorporations and aims to identify only German equivalents that show a difference in at least one of the above criteria. The most frequently incorporated actant of the German equivalents is the accusative object, and the most frequent form element is the -er suffix. The aim of the study is to classify the Polish and German word formations as well as to provide the most typical structures of the German equivalents, which can serve as a basis for corresponding teaching programs.

Józef Mackiewicz (1902–1985) lived from 1955 until his death in Germany. There is, however, very limited research on this period of his life. Almost completely unknown in Poland is the history of German editions of his works. Against this backdrop, the author of this article attempts to discuss this issue comprehensively, based on the writer’s work present in the Polish Museum in Rapperswil. With this, the research desideratum of Mackiewicz’s philology becomes realized, and those interested in the subject gain a valuable insight into previously unknown facts and testimonies of the writer’s life and work in the period in question.

The sketch is a portrait of the poet, essayist and literary critic Michał Fostowicz, for whom the poetic and philosophical thought of William Blake was a very important source of inspiration. The author, analyzing Fostowicz’s most important essays and reviews, tries to determine his method of interpreting literary works and reconstruct the system of values and criteria for choosing what – in Fostowicz’s opinion – is most sought after and valuable in literature. The aim of the sketch was to restore the message and significance of Fostowicz’s achievements for contemporary humanistic thought.

The main goal of the article is to present Wladimir Kaminerʼs perspective on issues related to migration and the idea of multiculturalism based upon some of his works. These two issues, next to autobiographical threads and his memories of the USSR, are the main motifs of the writer’s literary output. As an author, he is familiar with the experience of migrating or running away, and in his ‘micro-narratives,’ Kaminer crosses geographical and ethnic boundaries, reflecting on new observations and building his specific perception of the world, most often cantered around multicultural Berlin. His stories emphasize the complexity of one’s identity, revolve around the search for belonging and home in a new social context, and raise the issue of adaptation and interpenetration of cultures. They thus contribute to a broader understanding of the challenges immigrants face in their new environment. Another area where the poetics of migration is evident is through the writer’s intense media activity, which has made him a significant voice shedding light on various narratives related to immigrant experience.

Although the life story of Margareta Hauptmann (1875–1957), second wife of the Nobel Laureate in Literature Gerhart Hauptmann, has recently become increasingly well known, there are still many unexplained mysteries surrounding this interesting character. One of these is the hitherto unknown “house arrest” she was subjected to on the island of Hiddensee in September 1946 by the Soviet military command. Her Diary (Tagebuch) from that period, as well as her entire legacy (documents, letters, photographs, etc.) is in the collection of the Staatsbibliothek in Berlin, and in the notes of August-September 1946 we find an accurate picture of those almost sensational events. The article, also based on other (F. Grundmann, M. Mück, J. M. Avenarius, press releases), modest accounts, tries to reconstruct as far as possible the course and reasons for Margareta’s detention on the island of Hiddensee.

This article is an attempt to identify the changes taking place within the historical narrative in contemporary crime novels. The exemplification material here are the novels of Sławek Gortych, the action of which takes place in Lower Silesia, primarily in the Karkonosze Mountains. In these novels, in addition to the crime plots, a very important role is played by the historical context, the problems of displacement and migration of people after World War II. Using a polyphonic narrative, the author objectively presents the drama of both the population displaced from Lower Silesia and those who arrived in the Karkonosze foothills right after the end of the war. This approach aims to familiarize the difficult Polish-German-Czech history of the region and introduce a transnational and transcultural perspective to contemporary reflection on the past of the region.

The aim of this article is to present the contribution of employees of the Institute of German Philology in research on the history of Austrian literature and its reception in Poland. The main goal is to show a wide range of research conducted at the Institute on literature and literary movement in Austria. The bibliography includes monographs, chapters in books, scientific articles on the history of German-speaking literature from Austria, dissertations and sketches on the Polish reception of Austrian literature, editions of Austrian authors, interviews with writers, articles, a list of Polish anthologies of Austrian literature and works on Polish-Austrian cultural relationships. The article also contains short biographies of writers from Austria who during the last fifty years were guests of the Institute of German Philology at the University of Wrocław.

The following writing is an attempt to synthesize the current achievements of the so-called „turn to things”. It presents the characteristics of this turn: its goals, the historical context – its origins and significant references to earlier scholars, including Bruno Latour, Martin Heidegger, and Roland Barthes – as well as examples of the use of the method of bricolage proposed by the proponent of this turn, Bjørnar Olsen.

Recently numerous sixteenth-century texts have been published and digitized and are successfully used in semantic research. However, many sources remaining in manuscripts are still ignored by lexicographers. Meanwhile, they contain words that have not been confirmed in dictionaries so far (e.g. in the Dictionary of Polish in the 16th century). It also happens that a lexical unit was included in this lexicographic source, but not all its meanings were recorded there. An example of such a word is kniaź, which in 16th-century documents, especially those prepared in relation to the areas of the eastern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, was used not only as ‚prince‘, but also as ‚mayor, provost, village head‘. Using the example of this word and units derived from it (kniaziowa, kniaźnia, kniahini(a)/kniazini(a), kniehini and kniastwo), I want to prove that office books (mainly Crown Metric) and lustration (i.e. lists of goods and inventory carried out for taxes) may give a more complete picture of the vocabulary of words in the Polish language in the 16th century and their meanings at that time. The method used in the work is the analysis of contextual meanings presented against the background of historical and lexicographic data.

Verbal message is functionally secondary to the nonverbal, in terms of efficiency in information exchange, but it is the verbalized message that is psychologically more researchable and therapeutically easier to report with exemplified data, also in form of tables. The verbal message more effectively transmits the lie or sketch persuasive eristic tricks, as a conversational instrument. The exchange of textual messages for informational and educational purposes in family must, in order to be effective, be adapted to the nature of the family, to potential dysfunction (or lack thereof) between homeostasis and morphogenesis, and consequently to all life cycles of the basic social unit. This paper is an attempt to point out some essential psychological aspects of communication through the use of modal verbs (including non-reflexive verbs) in family discourse, in the prism of the application of educational styles in two types of conflicts: integrative and disintegrative.

An Intra-environmental information exchange is, on the one hand, the reason for the emergence of possible conflicts between members of a community – in this case, the family – and, on the other hand, this type, or rather a communication mechanism, allows possible or existing conflicts to be resolved. Psychological determinants of communication, which are discussed in this text, are possible to appear due to the possession (by the family members) of cognitive skills, perception, awareness and attention acting as a keystone to increase the role of empathy in relations between/among individual family members. This paper is another voice in an ongoing discussion on how to intensify the communicative effect, while respecting the positions of those involved in any discursological event, which most often will be a conversation.

The Polish eugenical movement in the Second Polish Republic had a clear political dimension. This was due to the fact that a broad program of eugenic reforms was impossible to implement without the support of the state authorities. The right wing groups (with a few exceptions) did not engage in the eugenics movement due to the reluctant position of the Catholic Church. The mainstream of the eugenics movement came from the secular intelligentsia who wanted to use the authoritarian rule of the Piłsudski’s camp to carry out reforms. In the second half of the 1930s, the radicalism of the Polish eugenical movement waned due to the deterrent example of Nazi eugenics.